Tumor neuroendócrino gástrico: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Gastric neuroendocrine tumor: case report and literature review / Tumor neuroendocrino gástrico: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

Este artigo consiste em um estudo de caso de paciente do sexo masculino, 40 anos, com diarreia e perda ponderal significativa iniciada sete meses depois da sua admissão no Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. O paciente não apresentava alterações significativas no exame físico e as investigações clínicas e laboratoriais foram inexpressivas. Foram realizados estudos endoscópicos e anatomopatológicos, confirmando o diagnóstico de neoplasia neuroendócrina gástrica. Os achados histopatológicos evidenciaram um tumor bem diferenciado do tipo dois, sendo uma neoplasia rara de bom prognóstico. O paciente foi submetido a gastrectomia segmentar de corpo gástrico e evoluiu com melhora clínica da diarreia. Ele recebeu alta hospitalar e segue em acompanhamento com os serviços de gastroenterologia e endocrinologia.

This study reports the case of a 40-year-old male patient presenting with diarrhea and significant weight loss initiated seven months before admission at the Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. The patient showed no significant changes in the physical examination, and clinical and laboratory investigations were inexpressive. Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasia was diagnosed by endoscopic and anatomopathological studies. Histopathological findings showed a well-differentiated type 2 tumor ­ a rare neoplasm with a good prognosis. The patient underwent segmental gastrectomy of the gastric body, evolving with clinical improvement of diarrhea. He was discharged from the hospital and is being followed by gastroenterology and endocrinology services.

Paciente del sexo masculino, 40 años, con diarrea y pérdida significativa de peso, que inició siete meses después de su ingreso en el Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. El paciente no presentó cambios significativos en la exploración física y las investigaciones clínicas y de laboratorio fueron inexpresivas. Se realizaron estudios endoscópicos y anatomopatológicos que confirmaron el diagnóstico de neoplasia neuroendocrina gástrica. Los hallazgos histopatológicos mostraron un tumor tipo 2 bien diferenciado, que es una neoplasia poco frecuente y de buen pronóstico. El paciente fue sometido a gastrectomía segmentaria del cuerpo gástrico y evolucionó con mejoría clínica de la diarrea. Fue dado de alta del hospital y aún está en seguimiento con los servicios de gastroenterología y endocrinología.

Seroprevalence and factors associated with Human Immunodeficiency virus, Human T lymphotropic virus and Hepatitis B/C infections in parturient women of Salvador - Bahia, Brazil

Abstract Background The heterogeneity in detection rates of Human immunodeficiency virus, (HIV), Human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) and Hepatitis B and C infections among pregnant women and the continuous exposure to risk factors limits the adoption of preventive and control actions. Objective To evaluate the HIV, HTLV, Hepatitis B and C seroprevalence rates, and associated risk factors in parturient women in Salvador, Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in 2099 parturient women attended in two public maternity hospitals in Salvador, Brazil. One blood sample was drawn for serological screening and socio-demographic, obstetric and clinical data were collected. Results HIV seroprevalence rate was 1.5% (of which 0.6% were new cases); seroprevalence rates for HTLV, HBV, and HCV were 0.4%, 0.4%, and 0.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed a significant association between socio-demographic and behavioral factors with retroviral infections, while viral hepatitis was mainly associated with parenteral exposure. In a multivariate analysis, multiple sexual partners (OR 3.3; 95% CI: 1.1-9.2), history of sexual/domestic violence (OR 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1-6.9), syphilis co-infection (OR 2.6; 95% CI: 1.0-6.9), use of alcohol or drugs (OR 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.5), and low schooling level (OR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.9) were independent risk factors for HIV infection. History of stillbirth and low birth weight infants was significantly associated with HTLV positive status, showing a negative impact on gestation. Conclusions The seroprevalence rates for HIV, HCV, HBV, and HTLV were similar to that found in previous studies in other Brazilian regions. The high individual, socioeconomic, and social vulnerability detected in seropositive parturient women indicates the need to improve coverage and effectiveveness of STDs control with prevention, detection and monitoring strategies, focusing in pregnant women exposed to high biopsychosocial risk.